Peptide index
331 compounds across 19classes. Each one carries an evidence tier, because “there are studies” means something very different for semaglutide than it does for most of this list.
18 compounds
Adropin
ObservationalA liver- and brain-secreted peptide that tells the body whether to burn carbohydrate or fat and keeps the vascular endothelium healthy; low levels track with insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease in humans.
Emerging & Frontier Research
BRP peptide
Animal data onlyA 12-amino-acid peptide found by an AI prohormone-cleavage screen at Stanford that cuts food intake by up to half in rodents and pigs through hypothalamic POMC neurons, apparently without the nausea that limits GLP-1 drugs.
Emerging & Frontier Research
Cortistatin
Animal data onlyA somatostatin cousin that binds every somatostatin receptor but also hits the ghrelin and MRGPRX2 receptors, giving it a genuinely distinct profile in slow-wave sleep, inflammation and fibrosis.
Emerging & Frontier Research
Cyclotides
In vitro onlyPlant peptides with a head-to-tail cyclic backbone locked by a knotted disulfide core, so stable they survive boiling and gut proteases — used as scaffolds to make other peptides orally bioavailable rather than as drugs themselves.
Emerging & Frontier Research
De novo AI-designed binders
In vitro onlyPeptides and small proteins invented from nothing by diffusion models rather than found in nature, now routinely producing picomolar-to-nanomolar binders against targets that had no drug-like chemistry at all.
Emerging & Frontier Research
Exosome-peptide conjugates
Animal data onlyCell-derived nanovesicles loaded with or displaying regenerative peptides, used to get cargo across barriers that free peptides cannot cross — scientifically real, commercially a swamp.
Emerging & Frontier Research
GDF-15 analogues
Human RCTThe brainstem stress signal that causes profound appetite loss — being pushed as an agonist for obesity and blocked as an antagonist for cancer cachexia, with the antagonist side now the more convincing of the two.
Emerging & Frontier Research
Irisin
ObservationalThe exercise-released myokine that browns white fat and is linked to bone density and cognitive protection — a decade-long scientific brawl over whether it exists that has largely resolved in its favour.
Emerging & Frontier Research
Klotho-derived peptides
Animal data onlyShort fragments of the anti-aging protein Klotho engineered to reproduce its cognitive and kidney-protective effects in a molecule small enough to actually manufacture and dose.
Emerging & Frontier Research
Lasso peptides
Animal data onlyBacterially produced peptides physically threaded through their own macrolactam ring like a slipknot, giving protease and heat stability that no ordinary peptide has — currently the most interesting new antibiotic scaffold in years.
Emerging & Frontier Research
Macrocyclic peptide oral drugs
Approved drugConstrained cyclic peptides selected from trillion-member mRNA-display libraries and chemically tuned to survive the gut — the technology that produced enlicitide, the first oral PCSK9 inhibitor, approved in July 2026.
Emerging & Frontier Research
NeoHelix Regenerate
Human trialsA BASF cosmetic ingredient launched in 2026 that adapts collagen-hybridizing-peptide chemistry so the peptide binds only where collagen is already damaged, concentrating repair signalling at the sites that need it.
Emerging & Frontier Research
Nesfatin-1
Animal data onlyA hypothalamic satiety peptide that suppresses food intake completely independently of leptin, which is why it keeps getting revisited as a route into leptin-resistant obesity.
Emerging & Frontier Research
Neuromedin U
Animal data onlyA gut and brain neuropeptide that suppresses appetite and simultaneously raises energy expenditure, now being engineered into long-acting analogues as a combination partner for incretins.
Emerging & Frontier Research
Osteocalcin (undercarboxylated)
ObservationalThe bone-secreted hormone that turns out to talk to muscle, pancreas, testis and brain — proposed as the signal that lets the skeleton coordinate exercise capacity, glucose handling and fertility.
Emerging & Frontier Research
Selective incretin/amylin combos
Human trialsSingle molecules engineered to hit four or more metabolic receptors at once — GLP-1, GIP, glucagon and amylin — chasing greater weight loss with better lean-mass retention and less nausea than any one pathway allows.
Emerging & Frontier Research
Spexin
Animal data onlyA 14-amino-acid galanin-family peptide that is dramatically suppressed in obesity and, when given back to animals, reduces food intake and improves lipid handling.
Emerging & Frontier Research
Tirzepatide-generic and compounded analogues
Approved drugNon-pharmacy incretin supply sold as 'research chemicals' — the same molecule on paper as Mounjaro, with none of the identity, purity, sterility or concentration guarantees, and the single biggest source of real-world harm in the 2026 peptide space.
Emerging & Frontier Research